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ASN Blog Post of Interest - Leg Fistula

Posted By Mary L. Nations, Wednesday, January 5, 2022

Dr. Anatole Besarab has shared an ASN Blog Post of Interest that he felt ASDIN Members would have great interest in.  The text of the posts are attached as a Word file.

ORIGINAL POST:

From: Varun Kumar Bandi

Respected seniors and colleagues

We have a 45 year old woman with CKD VD due to CIN and multiple fistula failures. Left RC was primary failure due to faulty technique and immediately left Brachio Cephalic AV fistula was done which failed in 2 months. She underwent right brachiocephalic AV fistula 6 months back but had a faulty cannulation with Hematoma and cellulitis. Clot evacuation with pseudoaneurysm repair done three weeks back and no thrill in the fistula. No other features of hyper coagulability. Now on temporary jugular Cath, and not willing for CAPD.
What would be the other options for long term access apart from tunnelled catheter. We are considering a leg fistula between posterior tibial and great saphenous. Any suggestions or experience with lower limb fistulas?

---------------------------------
Varun Kumar Bandi
Assistant Professor,
Department of Nephrology,
Dr. PSIMS & RF
Vijayawada, India
varun.vims@gmail.com

 

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Permalink | Comments (5)
 

Comments on this post...

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Suresh K. Margassery says...
Posted Monday, January 10, 2022
This is a sad scenario with the patient going through multiple AVF failure. In such a situation, trying to get a functional access in the upper extremity needs to be pursued before embarking on the lower extremity access creation. Few of the upper extremity options will be to try to establish a brachial artery to brachial vein AV fistula followed by staged superficialization/transposition if the patient has adequate size brachial veins. If grafts are available, AV graft or a Hero Graft in the arm should be a viable option.
Obviously, a functioning lower extremity AV fistula can be created if there are no available upper extremity venous or graft options. The Post. Tibial or Dorsalis Pedis to Saphenous Vein AV fistula can be done or the Saphenous vein can be harvested to create a proximal thigh Femoral Artery to Femoral Vein loop AV access. It is important that the patient does not have incompetent lower extremity venous valves/varicose veins for the AV fistula to function adequately without causing lower extremity dependent venous hypertension, edema and thrombosis.
I hope this patient does not have any thrombophilia syndrome, which needs to be excluded or appropriately treated before the creation of the lower extremity AVF.
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Suresh K. Margassery says...
Posted Monday, January 10, 2022
Previously, I have seen patients with fully functioning long-term lower extremity AVF while working in the university setting.
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Thierry M. POURCHEZ says...
Posted Monday, January 10, 2022
I performed in the far past, leg fistulas with the saphenous vein. It is not worth because the veien don not really mature.
The best is the transposition of the femoral vein, with no need of a first stage like with basilic vein on the upper limb. The vein is at least 7 to 8 mm and this allows a safe one stage surgery. However, the size of the anastomosis is the big concern, if we want to avoid a distal ischemia. The lenght do not exceed 5 mm on the lower part of the femoral artery.
However, I am not sure this woman is a candidate for such a technic wich is for patients with no possibility at the upper limbs.
There are lot of technics like the 2 or even 3 stages transposition of brachial vein!
When a fistula is thrombosing, it is mandatory to know the reason. Otherwise, you are in the fog! If there is a thrombophilia, it is necessary to operate the patient with coumadine and an INR around 2,5. The most challenging cases for me are patients with thickening in some weeks of all the veins anastomosed to an artery.
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Harold R. Locay says...
Posted Monday, January 10, 2022
If mapping does not show an adequate upper arm vein the I would go with an upper arm graft. If an underlying coagulopathy or infection risk is possible then I suggest bovine rather than PTFE. I would continue to purse PD.
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Harold R. Locay says...
Posted Monday, January 10, 2022
Pursue PD.
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